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USFWS Proposes Expanding Habitat Protections for Florida Manatees

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29 Sep, 2024

This post was originally published on Eco Watch

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has proposed new revisions and additions to critical habitats for West Indian manatees near Florida and Puerto Rico. 

The proposal includes a revised 1,904,191 acres for Florida manatees plus new habitat protections spanning 78,121 acres for Puerto Rico manatees.

“The Service is dedicated to the recovery and protection of manatees, which face significant threats such as declining food sources and water pollution,” southeast regional director Mike Oetker said in a statement. “Critical habitat designations ensure that federal agencies and the public are informed of the species habitat needs and better able to reduce threats and contribute to their long-term survival.”

Manatees approach a snorkeler in Florida’s Crystal River. Stuart Westmorland / CORBIS / Corbis via Getty Images

As Inside Climate News reported, nearly 2,000 Florida manatees died from 2021 to 2022, and another 130 manatee calves have died in 2024. Part of the threat to these manatees is pollution, which has affected their food sources. Officials began a program to feed manatees seagrasses in 2021, which was deemed a success in 2022.

The proposal for new habitat protections focuses on seagrass as an essential element for the manatees’ survival, particularly for the Antillean manatee found near Puerto Rico.

But other threats loom for the vulnerable manatees. USFWS noted that habitat loss, coastal development and human interactions, including boat strikes, all threaten these animals. Climate change, which can contribute to algal blooms, is also a threat to the manatees. Further, climate change can contribute to increasing frequency and strength of hurricanes, such as Hurricane Helene currently moving through the Gulf Coast. 

As USA Today reported, hurricanes can cause manatee strandings, and they are also at risk from injury from storm-related debris in the water. Powerful hurricanes can also destroy the seagrasses that manatees depend on for food.

Manatees are protected by the U.S. Endangered Species Act and the Marine Mammal Protection Act. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), West Indian manatees — along with West African and Amazonian manatees — are considered vulnerable to extinction.

USFWS is accepting public comments on the proposal until November 25. In the meantime, as Hurricane Helene makes landfall, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission is calling on the public to report any stranded or injured manatee sightings by calling 888-404-3922. The commission emphasized not to touch stranded wildlife.

“The best way people can stay safe and help wildlife under storm conditions is to be alert and give wildlife their space,” the commission said.

The post USFWS Proposes Expanding Habitat Protections for Florida Manatees appeared first on EcoWatch.

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Land water loss causes sea level rise in 21st century

Land water loss causes sea level rise in 21st century

An international team of scientists, led jointly by The University of Melbourne and Seoul National University, has found global water storage on land has plummeted since the start of the 21st century, overtaking glacier melt as the leading cause of sea level rise and measurably shifting the Earth’s pole of rotation.

Published in Science, the research combined global soil moisture data estimated by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA5), global mean sea level measurements and observations of Earth’s pole movement in order to estimate changes in terrestrial (land) water storage (TWS) from 1979 to 2016.

“The study raises critical questions about the main drivers of declining water storage on land and whether global lands will continue to become drier,” University of Melbourne author Professor Dongryeol Ryu said.

“Water constantly cycles between land and oceans, but the current rate of water loss from land is outpacing its replenishment. This is potentially irreversible because it’s unlikely this trend will reverse if global temperatures and evaporative demand continue to rise at their current rates. Without substantial changes in climate patterns, the imbalance in the water cycle is likely to persist, leading to a net loss of water from land to oceans over time.”

Between 2000 and 2002, soil moisture decreased by around 1614 gigatonnes (1 Gt equals 1 km3 of water) — nearly double Greenland’s ice loss of about 900 Gt in 2002–2006. From 2003 to 2016, soil moisture depletion continued, with an additional 1009 Gt lost.

Soil moisture had not recovered as of 2021, with little likelihood of recovery under present climate conditions. The authors say this decline is corroborated by independent observations of global mean sea level rise (~4.4 mm) and Earth’s polar shift (~45 cm in 2003–2012).

Water loss was most pronounced across East and Central Asia, Central Africa, and North and South America. In Australia, the growing depletion has impacted parts of Western Australia and south-eastern Australia, including western Victoria, although the Northern Territory and Queensland saw a small replenishment of soil moisture.

Image credit: iStock.com/ZU_09

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