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Glyphosate Exposure Linked to Long-Term Brain Inflammation

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06 Dec, 2024

This post was originally published on Eco Watch

A new study led by Arizona State University has revealed an association between exposure of glyphosate, one of the most commonly used herbicides in the world, and long-term impacts on brain health in mice.

The study tested the impacts that two different doses of glyphosate exposure had on mice, with a high dose (500 mg per kg) and a lower dose (50 mg per kg), which was similar to the amount that was used to determine the acceptable dose of exposure to humans. The researchers observed how the exposure impacted the brains during a 13-week exposure as well as six months after exposure had ended compared to the control mice, which received no glyphosate exposure.

The team determined that glyphosate exposure led to neuroinflammation as well as behaviors and symptoms similar to anxiety and Alzheimer’s. For some of the animals, the exposure was associated with results as extreme as premature death.

Even the low dose led to negative impacts on the brains that lasted several months after exposure had ended. The scientists published their findings in the journal Journal of Neuroinflammation.

“My hope is that our work drives further investigation into the effects of glyphosate exposure, which may lead to a reexamination of its long-term safety and perhaps spark discussion about other prevalent toxins in our environment that may affect the brain,” Samantha Bartholomew, first author of the paper and a Ph.D. candidate at Arizona State University, said in a statement.

A farmer sprays glyphosate on an apple orchard in Asperen, the Netherlands on March 31, 2019.
Hans Verburg / iStock Editorial / Getty Images Plus

These results have raised concerns over the current standards for glyphosate, which is considered to have no concerning risks to human health when used as directed on the label, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

Further, the researchers warned about the potential impacts to aging populations, which are already experiencing an increase in cognitive decline, according to Ramon Velazquez, a co-author of the study, researcher with the ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center and assistant professor of life sciences.

But the researchers hope that more investigation is completed to determine if the current acceptable limits of glyphosate are too high, or whether any exposure of glyphosate poses risks.

“Herbicides are used heavily and ubiquitously around the world,” said Patrick Pirrotte, senior author of the study and associate professor at the Early Detection and Prevention Division at Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen). “These findings highlight that many chemicals we regularly encounter, previously considered safe, may pose potential health risks. However, further research is needed to fully assess the public health impact and identify safer alternatives.”

While the findings brought up the question of what these impacts observed on brains of mice could mean for glyphosate exposure and its potential impacts on human brains, it can also be used as an example to further research alternatives to testing on mice and other animals. Because of the complexity of brains, it is currently still common to use animal testing to observe reactions and impacts in brain research. 

As Cruelty-free International reported, researchers are working on other ways to complete these important types of organ and nervous system studies without the use of animal testing. Scientists are rapidly exploring and advancing alternatives, such as computer modeling, tissue donations, cell cultures and “human-on-a-chip” models for brain research. PETA reported that AI is becoming more suitable as a method for alternative testing. However, more research on non-animal testing is necessary, and once alternatives are more established, they will require regulation to be implemented.

The post Glyphosate Exposure Linked to Long-Term Brain Inflammation appeared first on EcoWatch.

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Strengthening Community Resilience through Sustainable Non-Timber Forest Products

Strengthening Community Resilience through Sustainable Non-Timber Forest Products

Strengthening Community Resilience through Sustainable Non-Timber Forest Products
jschoshinski
Thu, 01/16/2025 – 18:32

In Zimbabwe, deforestation and habitat loss are not only threatening the country’s biodiversity and ability to mitigate climate change, but also threatening individuals’ livelihoods and their ability to adapt to climate change. Of the nearly 6,000 species of indigenous plants found in the country, some 900 of them are traditionally used as food, cosmetics, or medicine. These non-timber forest products (NTFPs) serve as supplemental sources of income for approximately 60 percent of rural households, providing an important source of income diversification as changes in rainfall—in part due to climate change—threaten traditional agricultural activities. By generating income for rural communities, Zimbabwe’s NTFPs offer a market-led approach to boosting climate resilience. 
The Economic Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products in Zimbabwe 
In the landscapes where the USAID Resilience ANCHORS Activity works, one in six people, mostly women, rely on forests and wilderness areas for their livelihoods. Resilience ANCHORS supports community-led initiatives and locally prioritized interventions, including conserving forests and developing value chains for key NTFPs, such as Ximenia, mongongo nuts, wooden banana, marula, Kalahari melon seed, and rosella. Forest-based resources from remote, semi-arid regions can contribute up to 35 percent of rural incomes, while NTFP products like thatching grass, wild plant foods, mushrooms, honey, and mopane worms have an estimated annual subsistence value (i.e, the value associated with people using the products to support themselves rather than selling the products) of $294.3 million. Conserving these natural resources leads to strengthened livelihoods and healthier, more stable communities by supporting income diversification, which helps agricultural communities adapt to the impacts of climate change on crop yields.
Using Laws and Regulations to Strengthen Community Resilience
While NTFPs are vital resources for local communities, the lack of transparent laws and regulations has led to overexploitation and missed business opportunities. Limited awareness of the regulatory framework among stakeholders and community members exacerbates this issue. Resilience ANCHORS has supported the formation of NTFP collector groups that have developed formal governance structures, but the next objective is creating long-term sustainability through a robust legal framework that protects the environment and promotes community wellbeing. 
Sustainable harvesting remains critical for the long-term viability of Zimbabwe’s NTFPs, forests, and environment. Resilience ANCHORS, in collaboration with Zimbabwe’s Ministry of Local Government and the Environmental Management Agency, conducted workshops to build awareness of the legislative challenges and foster dialogue. This resulted in the drafting of NTFP Model Bylaw, which seeks to address three key goals:

Fill gaps in the legal framework: Outline benefit-sharing mechanisms to foster fair trade practices, as community ownership and management of NTFPs ensures equitable distribution among stakeholders. 
Promote sustainability: Develop permits to control harvesting, trade volumes, and fees to generate revenue for conservation efforts and capacity-building initiatives.
Provide clear guidelines for NTFP harvesting and benefit-sharing: Specify sustainable harvesting quantities and methods to prevent over-harvesting and safeguard resources for future generations. 

The NTFP Model Bylaw will result in:

Enhanced community resilience through sustainable NTFP management by promoting sustainable livelihoods, environmental conservation, and social cohesion. 
Clarified benefit-sharing mechanisms to reduce exploitation and promote transparency, fairness, and community ownership. 
Informed climate-resilient natural resource management by promoting sustainable harvesting, conserving biodiversity, and enhancing ecosystem resilience. 

Effective implementation of these regulations requires collaboration, capacity-building, and regular monitoring. If adopted and implemented successfully, these regulations could help grow NTFP activities in a way that increases livelihoods and builds community resilience to climate change in Zimbabwe.

Teaser Text
By generating income for rural communities, Zimbabwe’s NTFPs offer a market-led approach to boosting climate resilience.

Publish Date
Thu, 01/16/2025 – 12:00

Author(s)

Itayi Usaiwevhu

Hero Image
Rosella harvest (1).JPG

Blog Type
Blog Post

Strategic Objective

Adaptation

Region

Africa

Topic

Adaptation
Agriculture
Biodiversity Conservation
Deforestation and Commodity Production
Economic Growth
Forest/Forestry
Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities
Natural Climate Solutions
Resilience
Rural

Country

Zimbabwe

Sectors

Adaptation
Agriculture and Food Systems

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