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Glass Sculptures by Norwood Viviano Cast Iconic City Skylines Atop Emblems of Local Industry

14 Aug, 2024

This post was originally published on Colossal

“RECASTING PITTSBURGH AP” (2021), kiln-cast glass from 3D-printed pattern, 13 x 16 x 10 inches. All images © Norwood Viviano, courtesy of Heller Gallery, New York, shared with permission

“I find myself looking at the world as a surveyor—telling stories through objects,” says Norwood Viviano, whose kiln-cast glass sculptures map iconic city skylines through each location’s recognizable industries. Houston oil, Pittsburgh steel, and Portland timber are represented alongside odes to Detroit “Motor City” and Toledo, “The Glass City.”

Through conversations with historians, urban planners, demographers, climate scientists, and statisticians, Viviano studies layers of data and lore to build an understanding of each city. He then undertakes a meticulous process of three-dimensional computer modeling and printing, combined with glass-blowing and casting, to create bold skylines and gridded layouts. He maps the distinctive patterns of buildings, roads, and bridges, superimposing them onto objects representative of each locale, like a series of cut crystal tumblers supporting Toledo or an automobile engine carrying Detroit.

Viviano’s ancestors immigrated from Sicily in the early 1900s. He grew up in Detroit in the 1970s and 1980s, a period of immense economic upheaval in the city due to auto manufacturers’ restructuring efforts and white flight. “I initially wanted to examine the power dynamic between industry and the early immigrant population in the city of Detroit,” Viviano says. “This then led me to research other periods of history where major population shifts took place and their relationship to rapid industrial growth and decline.”

Find more on Viviano’s website.

 

a green cast glass sculpture of a miniature 3D skyline of New York atop layered sheets of glass

“RECASTING NEW YORK” (2021), kiln-cast glass and digital print framed,12 1/2 x 12 1/2 x 13 1/2 inches

a red cast glass sculpture of a map relief of Philadelphia inside of an ornate frame

“RECASTING PHILADELPHIA” (2021), kiln-cast glass from 3D-printed pattern, 20 1/2 x 12 1/2 x 2 1/2 inches

a detail of a red cast glass sculpture of a map relief of Philadelphia

Detail of “RECASTING PHILADELPHIA”

a red cast glass sculpture of cut glass crystal tumblers with the skyline of Toledo on top

“RECASTING TOLEDO” (2021), kiln-cast glass, 13 3/4 x 13 3/4 x 5 1/2 inches, courtesy of Toledo Museum of Art

a green cast glass sculpture of Detroit's skyline on top of a part of a car engine

“RECASTING DETROIT AP” (2021), kiln-cast glass, 16 1/2 x 13 1/2 x 11 1/2 inches

a brown cast glass sculpture of a skyline of Portland, Oregon, sitting atop a large chunk of cut timber

“RECASTING PORTLAND” (2019), kiln-cast glass from 3D-printed pattern, 17 1/4 x 17 1/2 x 5 inches

a detail of a sculpture of Portland cast in glass atop a slice of timber

Detail of “RECASTING PORTLAND”

a clear cast glass sculpture of Chicago's skyline on top of a pile of salt

“RECASTING CHICAGO” (2022), kiln-cast glass from 3D-printed pattern, 23 x 18 x 9 1/2 inches

a black cast glass sculpture of Houston's skyline on top of an oil drum

“RECASTING HOUSTON AP” (2022), kiln-cast glass from 3D-printed pattern, 14 x 14 x 13 inches

Do stories and artists like this matter to you? Become a Colossal Member today and support independent arts publishing for as little as $5 per month. The article Glass Sculptures by Norwood Viviano Cast Iconic City Skylines Atop Emblems of Local Industry appeared first on Colossal.

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Sustainable dye extracted from avocado by-products

Sustainable dye extracted from avocado by-products

Westfalia Fruit has committed to using all parts of the avocado across the supply chain, including the skins and seeds, to make new, sustainable products.

Avocados imported for retail, food service and wholesale customers are carefully inspected and any unsuitable avocados are processed at Westfalia’s facility into products like avocado pulp, smashed avocado and guacamole.

However, the avocado skins and seeds from the process, previously typically used in low-value applications such as anaerobic digesters, are now finding new, higher-value alternative uses.

Having partnered with Efficiency Technologies, the value of the entire by-product channel of avocado skins and stones is assessed to optimise use, with the most recent development being a technology extracting a natural, sustainable dye from avocado stones, with SAGES London.

The process extracts perseorangin (a rare and sought-after natural pigment) from avocado stones collected at Westfalia’s UK facility. The pigment offers eight distinct shades ranging from light yellow to rich reddish-brown, creating new opportunities for sustainable colouring solutions across multiple industries.

Westfalia Fruit’s sustainable dye extraction on display at Fruit Logistica 2025.

The specialised extraction method isolates perseorangin, which constitutes approximately 3% of the avocado stone, and processes it into a dried powder form, providing extended shelf life.

“This breakthrough represents a significant step in our journey toward our total crop use strategy,” said Andrew Mitchell, Head of Group Innovation at Westfalia Fruit.

“By transforming what was once considered by-product into a valuable resource, we’re creating sustainable solutions that benefit multiple industries. The ability to produce eight distinct natural shades while maintaining our commitment to use the entire fruit demonstrates the potential of innovative thinking in sustainable agriculture.”

Besides the dye extraction, remaining materials from the avocado skins and stones are also processed into additional products — for example, starches are directed to paper manufacture as a precursor to packaging production, while ground materials find applications in cosmetics as natural exfoliants, as alternatives to micro-plastics.

The natural dye extraction process represents an advancement in sustainable practices, particularly as industries increasingly seek alternatives to synthetic dyes.

The powder format enables stability and ease of use across various applications, while the range of the eight distinct natural shades provide versatility for different product requirements.

This innovation comes at a time when consumer demand for natural, sustainable products continues to rise across fashion, beauty and packaging sectors. The pigment’s successful showcase at London Fashion Week highlighted its viability in sustainable fashion, while ongoing collaborations with industry leaders in cosmetics and packaging demonstrate its cross-sector appeal.

Plans are underway to understand how the technology could be expanded to additional Westfalia facilities in Europe, where more avocado by-product can be processed using the same techniques.

The company’s integrated operations enable efficient collection and processing of avocado stones and skins from multiple production sites, which will help to maximise the sustainable impact of the initiative and builds upon Westfalia’s commitment to sustainability and circular economy principles.

Top image caption: Westfalia Fruit introduces sustainable dye extraction from avocado by-products.

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